To navigate the choice of treatment methods for this disease, it is necessary to have a clear understanding of what constitutes varicose veins and what causes the onset of the disease. So varicose veins are a serious disease, the end result of which is the dilation and enlargement of the veins and blood vessels of the circulatory system with an irreversible course.
As a result of thinning of the walls and their expansion, in this scenario the formation of nodules in the veins can be observed, characterized by the presence of insufficiency of vascular valves due to genetic pathology. As for the description of the detection of varicose veins, its external manifestations have been observed relatively long ago. Doctors known as Hippocrates and Galena have made repeated attempts to cure venous disease, but unfortunately have not been successful.
Today, this disease is one of the most common. This is due to a number of reasons, which include the very nature of the appearance of varicose veins. The provocative factors that contribute to the appearance of varicose veins are:
- hereditary predisposition
- taking hormonal medications
- pregnant
- overweight and obesity
- lack of physical activity and maintaining a sedentary lifestyle
Ultimately, the disease leads to an increase in venous pressure and a disruption of the functional characteristics of the venous valves. As a result, a slow, chaotic flow of blood is caused, in which it gets stuck in the veins and blood vessels. The venous walls eventually begin to stretch, become thin, and the vessels become deformed.
As complications of the disease, there are manifestations such as a disturbed process of blood flow in the veins of the legs. Over time they begin to act as causes of deterioration and development of this disease, greatly increasing the pressure on the venous system. Very often, especially in the female half of the population, the appearance of varicose veins is explained by hormonal disorders.
Modern methods of treating varicose veins
Thanks to many years of research on the problem, scientists and professors of medicine have managed to develop many methods and techniques for the treatment of varicose veins. Modern methods of treating varicose veins should be used in strict accordance with the severity of the disease. Although in the advanced stage there are several treatment options that lead to the same goal: the elimination of vascular tissue stretched in different ways.
In the initial stage, it is advisable to use an integrated approach to the process, including an increase in physical activity, therapeutic exercises, wearing the products of their compression stockings to tighten superficial manifestations, organizing rest and work activity taking into account the disease. .
It should be noted that varicose veins are most often affected by the lower extremities, although the disease can also occur in other parts of the human body, for example, in the stomach, esophagus, pelvis, ovaries and spermatic cord. Often, in addition to preventative measures, patients require more radical treatment. The most commonly used methods at this stage include:
- Surgical treatment of varicose veins of the legs
- Hirudotherapy - treatment with caterpillars
- Sclerotherapy - the introduction of a special liquid composition into the vessel
- Laser treatment of leg veins
- radiofrequency ablation
- drug therapy
- elastic compression
Surgical treatment of varicose veins
Surgical treatment is a radical method used in the presence of varicose veins in the legs. Surgical intervention in modern clinics is performed at a fairly high level, which makes it possible not to stay in the hospital after treatment.
In addition, depending on the patient's desire, anesthesia may be general and local in nature, in which it is possible to be fully aware during surgery. Among the main surgical methods of treatment, the following can be distinguished:
- Sclerotherapy method. It is produced by inserting a special agent, as a result of which a scar is formed in the necessary area of the stretched vein. This technique is acceptable for venous dilatation of low and moderate severity. Its main advantages include the fact that the procedure is easily tolerated, performed under local anesthesia and leads to the desired result when performed correctly. In some cases, repeated surgery is required until the pathology is completely gone.
- laser surgery treatment. This technique is effective for any varicose vein. The affected vein is irradiated with laser from the inside through a light guide inserted into it, which connects to the laser. The whole process is controlled by an ultrasound machine. After laser target vein processing, its walls are glued together. Over time, the vein undergoes complete disappearance. The advantage of this technique is that it is virtually bloodless without incisions in the upper layer of the epidermis and soft tissues. With the help of laser surgery, it is relatively easy to eliminate all the strained and damaged veins and vessels and even cure trophic ulcers.
- venous removal by direct surgery. Surgery for varicose veins in the leg involves making small incisions in the skin and soft tissue beneath it to reach the necessary veins. Damaged veins are removed and bandaged inside. Like any complex operation, the technique is applied with the mandatory use of anesthesia. It is advisable to perform operations on large diameter large veins
- elimination of varicose veins with the help of outpatient phlebectomy. The technique is applicable to small diameter veins. It is performed by making the necessary skin incisions using local anesthesia. The main advantage of surgery is that the resulting scars become almost invisible after a while.
- removal of deformed veins using endoscopic equipment. The technique has found its application in the presence of pathological ulcerative formations on the skin. A microscopic video camera is inserted directly inside the vessel, through which it is possible to see the vein from the inside and monitor the operation. The vein is removed under surveillance through the inserted camera.
Conservative treatments for varicose veins
Performing conservative treatment of varicose veins without surgery has not lost its importance along with radical progressive methods.
One of the most effective tools is elastic compression. Wearing tights made of special knitwear ensures accurate pressure distribution to the affected areas of the feet.
Such a measure contributes to the normalization of circulatory abilities, improving its flow. The dense elastic tissue performs the function of a supporting frame, as a result of which the load on the vessels is reduced and the progression of the disease is prevented.
In this scenario, the potential risk of blood clots is reduced. Therapeutic and preventive knitwear are currently produced. Depending on the degree and shape of varicose veins, the use of products with a certain impact force is described.
The use of this technique is highly recommended for people who lead a sedentary lifestyle, pregnant women, those who are genetically predisposed to the possibility of developing this disease, as well as in the presence of small visible manifestations.
The use of drug therapy is used today as an adjunct based on surgical treatment. With the help of medication, it is possible to significantly alleviate the patient's condition and reduce negative manifestations, such as pain, swelling, the appearance of discomfort, and convulsions.
Of great importance here is the correct selection of funds, which will provide an integrated approach to the implementation of therapeutic measures and achieve the desired effect. The drug is able to neutralize the active process of intravascular inflammation, significantly reduce the permeability of blood vessel walls and improve venous tone.
The question of when it is best to start treatment of varicose veins can be answered: it is necessary to start therapeutic measures as soon as possible, the better, at the first signs of the onset of the disease.